01
Decide the route: issue, integrate, or partner.
Four routes compared: accept existing tokens such as EURC or USDC, offer services to clients as a CASP, distribute a branded token from a licensed issuer, or issue your own EMT. Each is scored on licence, cost, time to market and control, and we recommend one.
Tools and terms
- EURC
- USDC
- EMT
- Partner issuer
- Time to market
- Control
02
Map your regulatory role and licence architecture.
Which MiCA role each activity gives you, EMT issuer, ART issuer or CASP, and who supervises it: the ACPR and the AMF in France, NYDFS or MAS where relevant. DORA, the Travel Rule and AML obligations are tied to a design decision and an owner, and the file is prepared with your counsel.
Tools and terms
- EMT issuer
- ART issuer
- CASP
- ACPR
- AMF
- DORA
- Travel Rule
- LCB-FT
03
Design issuance, reserves, and redemption.
For issuers: reserve composition, redemption at par and its windows and cut-offs, and operational liquidity and capital buffers sized against stress scenarios, so redemptions hold under pressure.
Tools and terms
- Reserve composition
- Redemption at par
- Cut-offs
- Capital buffers
- Stress scenarios
04
Design corridors and payouts.
Europe to Africa and the Middle East: the licensed off-ramp partner in each market, how its payout liquidity is prefunded, where FX conversion happens, payout to bank accounts, mobile money or cash pickup, and who owns the exception when a payout fails after the token has moved.
Tools and terms
- M-Pesa
- MTN MoMo
- Orange Money
- Wave
- Cash pickup
- Prefunding
- FX
05
Select custody, chains, and vendors.
Custody designed as a control first: signers, approval thresholds and recovery, with MPC, HSM or multisig. Then networks, custodians, screening tools and Travel Rule providers, compared with the trade-offs written down.
Tools and terms
- MPC
- HSM
- Multisig
- Fireblocks
- Taurus
- Ripple Custody
- BitGo
- Chainalysis
- Elliptic
- TRM Labs
06
Connect the token to treasury and the books.
Token balances and transfers brought into the systems finance already runs, with a reconciliation that matches every transfer to a ledger entry, a provider reference and a bank movement.
Tools and terms
- SAP S/4HANA
- Oracle
- Kyriba
- ISO 20022
- Reconciliation
- Liquidity